Physical decline becomes a counterargument to war.

Arjuna, whose body and mind were wavering to the point where he could not stand it, began to express his reasons for opposing the war. The first thing he mentioned was that he saw ominous omens, and that he could find no good in killing his own relatives.

If you kill your relatives, regret will corrode your heart, and a life without them will become miserable. Furthermore, sin will be created. Arjuna thinks that there will be no good result, either in this world or in the next. Here, his suffering shifts from physical symptoms to logic, and he begins to express a series of arguments for refusing war.

Japanese Translation from the Geeta Press Edition - Chapter 1, Section 31: "I do not see a good result."

I see conflicting things, O Kesava. And I do not see what is auspicious, having killed my own sons. || 31 ||

Vocabulary

nimittāni means "omen" or "sign."

paśyāmi is "I see."

"viparītāni" means "opposite," "unfavorable," or "bad."

"keshava" is a name for Krishna. In the notes, it is described as a title that includes the meaning of "supreme god."

na ca śreyaḥ anupaśyāmi means, "I do not see any goodness."

"hatvā svajanam" means "killing one's own relatives."

āhave means "in battle."

Translation

"Keshav, I am seeing ominous omens."

And I cannot find any good in killing my own family members during a battle.

Annotative Translation

The omen may indicate good fortune, or it may indicate bad fortune.

In this section, the word "nimittāni" refers to such a premonition.

An untimely solar eclipse, The earth's tremors, Stars flowing in the sky.

All of these ominous signs showed Arjuna that the outcome of this war would not be a happy one.

Therefore, he said that, in his opinion, it seems better to not participate in this battle.

When Arjuna said that he saw no good in killing his own relatives in battle, it meant that he expected no form of goodness from killing close family members or friends.

First, killing a family member through violence will definitely lead to regret, and it will continue to erode the heart for a long time afterward.

Secondly, Their lives after they disappear will be very miserable.

Thirdly, such killings give rise to guilt.

Therefore, it was something that did not bring benefit, either from the perspective of this world or from the perspective of the next life.

Therefore, Arjuna thought that it was completely undesirable to start a war.