"The Epic of Gilgamesh," Tablet 1: Enkidu, Born in the Wilds.


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  1. The gods called out to Aruru with a loud voice. "Aruru, you created humankind.
  2. Now, create one who is his counterpart. So that when he desires it, she may become Gilgamesh's companion.
  3. Let them contend, and bring peace to Uruk."
  4. Aruru heard this, and formed Anu's thoughts in her heart.
  5. Aruru washed her hands, took clay, and threw it into the wilderness.
  6. In the wilderness, she created Enkidu. He was like a copy of Ninurta.
  7. His entire body was covered with hair, and he had long hair tied up like a woman.
  8. His hair grew luxuriantly, like that of Nisaba.
Translation Note
Translation of terms in the sentence. Translation note.
Nisaba. A goddess related to grains. Here, she appears as a name used to describe hair that grows abundantly.
  1. He was wearing clothes like a smock, and he didn't know either the people or the land.
Translation Note
Translation of terms in the sentence. Translation note.
Sumukan. A god related to livestock and wild animals. Here, it is represented by clothing that symbolizes its presence away from human settlements.
  1. He ate grass with the gazelles,
  2. and drank water with the beasts of the field,
  3. and rejoiced in being with them.
  4. But a hunter, a man who set snares, met him.
  5. They encountered each other at the watering place,
  6. and for one day, two days, three days, they met at the same watering place.
  7. When the hunter saw him, his face was covered with terror.
  8. He returned to his home among the livestock,
  9. filled with fear, and his face clouded over.
  10. His heart was troubled, and his complexion darkened,
  11. and sorrow entered into his belly.
  12. His face was like that of a traveler going on a long journey.
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